Potrójnie ujemne raki piersi — leczenie i nowe strategie terapeutyczne

Autorzy

Martyna Żurek - Studenckie Koło Naukowe im. Zbigniewa Religii, Katedra i Zakład Biofizyki, Wydział Nauk Medycznych w Zabrzu, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach; Zofia Graca; Łukasz Czogalik; Jakub Kołodziej; Oliwia Pluta; Paweł Łajczak

Słowa kluczowe:

potrójnie ujemny rak piersi, TNBC, terapia celowana

Streszczenie

Potrójnie ujemne raki piersi (TNBC) to nowotwory, które nie wykazują ekspresji receptora estrogenowego, progesteronowego, ani receptora ludzkiego naskórkowego czynnika wzrostu typu 2 (HER-2). Stanowią około 12-17% wszystkich przypadków raka piersi i występują głównie u osób poniżej 50 roku życia. Cechują się bardzo agresywnym przebiegiem, szybką progresją i tworzeniem przerzutów, a także gorszym rokowaniem. Ze względu na brak ekspresji docelowych receptorów, hormonoterapia i terapia przeciwko HER-2 nie znajdują zastosowania w tym podtypie raka. Standardem postępowania jest leczenie chirurgiczne i chemioterapia, co wiąże się z ograniczoną skutecznością. Badania nowych terapii celowanych dla TNBC znajdują się na różnych etapach, ale ich wyniki są zdecydowanie zachęcające. W pracy przedstawiono aktualnym schemat postępowania i omówiono przykłady wybranych, potencjalnych strategii terapeutycznych w tym: inhibitory polimerazy poli(ADP-rybozy), terapię anty-TROP-2, inhibitory VEGF, inhibitory EGFR, terapię antyandrogenową i inhibitory wewnątrzkomórkowych szlaków sygnałowych.

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26 marca 2023