Resmetirom w leczeniu stłuszczeniowego zapalenia wątroby związanego z zaburzeniami metabolicznymi (MASH) - bezpieczeństwo i skuteczność kliniczna
Słowa kluczowe:
MASLD, MASH, włóknienie wątroby, resmetiromStreszczenie
Abstrakt:
Stłuszczeniowe zapalenie wątroby związane z zaburzeniami metabolicznymi (ang. metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis; MASH) definiowane jest jako ≥5% stłuszczenie wątroby z przewlekłym zapaleniem wątroby, uszkodzeniem hepatocytów oraz jej możliwym włóknieniem. MASH dotyczy ok. 25% pacjentów ze stłuszczeniową chorobą wątroby związaną z zaburzeniami metabolicznymi (ang. metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; MASLD), stanowiąc jej cięższą manifestację, wiążącą się z szybszą progresją, rozwojem marskości i koniecznością przeszczepu. Choroby wątroby związane z zaburzeniami metabolicznymi występują pandemicznie na całym świecie i są klinicznie związane z zaburzeniami metabolicznymi, takimi jak otyłość i cukrzyca typu 2. Obecne leczenie skupia się na spowolnieniu, zatrzymaniu lub odwróceniu postępu choroby, na co nadzieję daje resmetirom - pierwszy lek ukierunkowany na MASH, zatwierdzony w 2024 roku przez Amerykańską Agencję ds. Żywności (FDA). Resmetirom (MGL-3196) jest doustnym, selektywnym agonistą receptora hormonu tarczycy β (THR-β), przeznaczonym dla pacjentów z MASH ze zwłóknieniem wątroby w stadium F2-F3, bez marskości wątroby. Lek ten w badaniach klinicznych wykazał skuteczność w zmniejszaniu stłuszczenia i redukcji zwłóknienia wątroby o co najmniej 1 stopień (u 24,2% i 25,9% pacjentów otrzymujących odpowiednio 80 mg i 100 mg resmetiromu w porównaniu z 14,2% w grupie placebo) oraz ustąpieniu MASH (u 25,9% i 29,9% pacjentów otrzymujących odpowiednio 80 mg i 100 mg resmetiromu w porównaniu z 9,7% w grupie placebo). Jest dobrze tolerowany przez pacjentów i posiada akceptowalny profil bezpieczeństwa. Stosowany w połączeniu z odpowiednią dietą, aktywnością fizyczną i innymi lekami skierowanymi na czynniki ryzyka związane z metabolizmem, stwarza obiecującą ścieżkę terapeutyczną dla pacjentów zmagających się z MASH.
Słowa kluczowe: MASLD, MASH, włóknienie wątroby, resmetirom
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