Od świądu do ulgi – nowoczesne terapie w leczeniu świerzbiączki guzkowej
Słowa kluczowe:
Świerzbiączka guzkowa, Dupilumab, Nemolizumab, Innowacyjne leczenieStreszczenie
Abstrakt: Świerzbiączka guzkowa (łac. prurigo nodularis - PN) to przewlekła, zapalna choroba dermatologiczna charakteryzująca się intensywnym świądem oraz obecnością twardych guzków na skórze. W ostatnich latach nastąpił postęp w zrozumieniu patogenezy PN, w tym roli kluczowych cytokin: IL-4, IL-13 i IL-31, co otworzyło nowe możliwości terapeutyczne. Przed wprowadzeniem leków biologicznych, leczenie PN opierało się głównie na stosowaniu emolientów, miejscowych glikokortykosteroidów, leków przeciwhistaminowych czy fototerapii, które miały na celu złagodzenie świądu i zmniejszenie stanu zapalnego skóry. Celem niniejszej pracy jest analiza nowoczesnych metod leczenia PN, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem dupilumabu i nemolizumabu, które wykazały obiecujące wyniki w badaniach klinicznych. Dupilumab, pierwszy zatwierdzony lek biologiczny do leczenia PN, jest inhibitorem receptorów IL-4 i IL-13, z kolei nemolizumab blokuje receptor IL-31. Oba leki znacząco redukują świąd i zmiany skórne w przebiegu PN, dzięki czemu stanowią bezpieczną alternatywę dla pacjentów, którzy nie reagują na leczenie tradycyjne. W pracy omówiono także serlopitant, aprepitant, nalbufinę i vixarelimab, które znajdują się w fazie badań klinicznych. Wnioski z analizy wskazują, że nowoczesne terapie, takie jak dupilumab i nemolizumab, mogą poprawić jakość życia pacjentów z PN, a ich dalszy rozwój i badania kliniczne są niezbędne do pełnego zrozumienia ich potencjału terapeutycznego.
Słowa kluczowe: świerzbiączka guzkowa, dupilumab, nemolizumab, innowacyjne leczenie
Abstract: Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense itching and hard nodules on the skin. In recent years, there has been progress in understanding the pathogenesis of PN, including the role of key cytokines: IL-4, IL-13, and IL-31, which has opened new therapeutic possibilities. Before the introduction of biologic agents, the treatment of PN primarily relied on emollients, topical glucocorticoids, antihistamines, and phototherapy, aimed at alleviating pruritus and reducing skin inflammation. This work aims to analyze modern treatment methods for PN, with particular emphasis on dupilumab and nemolizumab, which have shown promising results in clinical trials. Dupilumab, the first approved biological drug for treating PN, is an inhibitor of IL-4 and IL-13 receptors, whereas nemolizumab blocks the IL-31 receptor. Both drugs significantly reduce itching and skin lesions associated with PN, making them a safe alternative for patients who do not respond to traditional treatments. The work also discusses serlopitant, aprepitant, nalbuphine, and vixarelimab, which are currently in clinical trials. The conclusions from the analysis indicate that modern therapies, such as dupilumab and nemolizumab, can improve the quality of life for patients with PN. Their further development and clinical research are essential for fully understanding their therapeutic potential.
Keywords: prurigo nodularis, dupilumab, nemolizumab, innovative treatment
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Opublikowane
19 czerwca 2025
Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Daria Gliwa
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Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Użycie niekomercyjne – Bez utworów zależnych 4.0 Międzynarodowe.
