Termiczna ablacja jako innowacyjna alternatywa dla chirurgii w leczeniu raka tarczycy.
Keywords:
termiczna ablacja, rak brodawkowaty tarczycy, mikrobrodawkowaty rak tarczycy, leczenie minimalnie inwazyjne, innowacje w onkologiiSynopsis
Abstrakt:
W ostatnich latach termiczna ablacja (ang. thermal ablation, TA) zyskuje na znaczeniu jako innowacyjna i minimalnie inwazyjna alternatywa dla leczenia chirurgicznego w terapii brodawkowatego raka tarczycy (ang. papillary thyroid carcinoma, PTC), a szczególnie jego mikroskopowej postaci – mikrobrodawkowatego raka tarczycy (ang. papillary thyroid microcarcinoma, PTMC). W odpowiedzi na rosnący problem nadrozpoznawalności i nadmiernego leczenia nowotworów o niskim ryzyku progresji, techniki TA — takie jak ablacja radiofalowa (ang. radiofrequency ablation, RFA), mikrofalowa (ang. microwave ablation, MWA) oraz laserowa (ang. laser ablation, LA) — oferują nowe podejście do zarządzania PTMC, redukując liczbę niepotrzebnych interwencji chirurgicznych i związanych z nimi powikłań. Dzięki wysokiej precyzji działania, kontroli obrazowej w czasie rzeczywistym oraz ograniczonej inwazyjności, TA pozwala na skuteczne niszczenie ognisk nowotworowych przy zachowaniu integralności otaczających struktur anatomicznych. Przegląd dostępnej literatury wskazuje, że metody te osiągają wysoką skuteczność terapeutyczną, niskie wskaźniki nawrotów oraz istotne skrócenie hospitalizacji i poprawę jakości życia pacjentów. Co więcej, w kontekście dynamicznie rozwijających się technologii medycznych, TA może stanowić odpowiedź na potrzeby personalizacji leczenia onkologicznego. Pomimo obiecujących wyników, dalszy rozwój tej innowacyjnej metody wymaga wieloośrodkowych, randomizowanych badań klinicznych oraz opracowania międzynarodowych wytycznych. Niemniej jednak, TA już dziś jawi się jako przyszłościowa strategia leczenia wybranych przypadków raka tarczycy, wpisując się w nurt nowoczesnych i ukierunkowanych na pacjenta innowacji w medycynie.terapii.
Słowa kluczowe: termiczna ablacja, rak brodawkowaty tarczycy, mikrobrodawkowaty rak tarczycy, leczenie minimalnie inwazyjne, innowacje w onkologii
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Copyright (c) 2025 Maksymilian Kściuczyk; Jan Bąkowski, Jakub Cichoń, Weronika Wyrwał
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