Innowacyjne metody leczenia niepłodności u mężczyzn
Słowa kluczowe:
niepłodność męska, leczenie niepłodności, azoospermia, biodruk 3D, komórki macierzysteStreszczenie
Rozdział niniejszego opracowania poświęcony jest problematyce niepłodności, jej definicji oraz najnowszym metodom leczenia. Celem tego rozdziałuest przedstawienie aktualnych danych dotyczących niepłodności, głównych przyczyn oraz innowacyjnych podejść terapeutycznych. Analiza przeprowadzona na podstawie raportu WHO z lat 1990-2021 ujawnia, że problem niepłodności dotyka około 17,5% dorosłej populacji. Główne przyczyny niepłodności u mężczyzn obejmują problemy z jakością nasienia, takie jak niska liczba plemników oraz nieprawidłowa morfologia i ruchliwość. W odpowiedzi na te wyzwania, metody farmakologiczne, wspomaganie rozrodu oraz terapie hormonalne stanowią znaczący krok naprzód w leczeniu niepłodności, szczególnie w przypadku pacjentów z azoospermią czy zespołem Klinefeltera. Innowacyjne podejścia terapeutyczne, takie jak wykorzystanie CRISPR-Cas9 do leczenia nieobturacyjnej azoospermii u myszy, dają nadzieję na rozwój podobnych metod dla ludzi. Ponadto, badania nad komórkami macierzystymi ukazują ich potencjał w leczeniu niepłodności poprzez regenerację tkanek oraz produkcję gamet męskich. Niezwykle obiecującymi metodami są również kultury 3D oraz organoidy jąder, które mogą stanowić skuteczną terapię dla pacjentów narażonych na utratę płodności, w tym dzieci z chorobami genetycznymi. Niemniej jednak, wszystkie wspomniane metody wymagają dalszych badań przed ich rutynowym zastosowaniem w praktyce klinicznej. Główne wnioski płynące z tego rozdziału obejmują potrzebę kontynuacji badań nad nowymi metodami leczenia niepłodności oraz ich potencjał jako obiecujących terapii dla pacjentów dotkniętych tą problematyką. Ewentualne założenia badawcze obejmują konieczność dalszego pogłębiania wiedzy na temat mechanizmów działania oraz bezpieczeństwa stosowania tych metod u ludzi.
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Opublikowane
7 lipca 2024
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 Damian Zieliński, Kamila Tokarczyk, Maria Żak, Wiktoria Wójcik, Ola Wybraniec
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Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Użycie niekomercyjne – Bez utworów zależnych 4.0 Międzynarodowe.
